Module 2, 'Introduction to organic structures and bonding, II', concludes the quick review of some of what you should remember from inorganic chemistry and introduces some organic chemistry topics like orbital hybridization, molecular orbital theory, a more sophisticated introduction to resonance, non-covalent intermolecular interactions and the physical properties of organic compounds. For reference, see chapter 2 of volume I of Soderberg.
Big ideas?
1. Orbitals hybridize to allow atoms to form varied structures and geometries. 2. Resonance extends the idea of the probable location of electrons from atoms to molecules, and provides unexpected stability. Module 2 slide sets: Introduction to organic structures and bonding, II
(Click on the links below to download each slide set for the lecture.) 2.1: Covalent bonding in organic molecules A. The σ bond in the H2 molecule B. sp3 hybrid orbitals and tetrahedral bonding C. sp2 and sp hybrid orbitals and π bonds > VSEPR and molecular geometry 2.2: Molecular orbital theory A. Another look at the H2 molecule using MO theory B. MO theory and conjugated π bonds C. Aromaticity 2.3: Resonance A. What is resonance? B. Resonance contributors for the carboxylate group C. Rules for drawing resonance structures D. Major vs minor resonance contributors 2.4: Non-covalent interactions A. Dipoles B. Ion-ion, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole interactions C. Van der Waals forces D. Hydrogen bonds E. Non-covalent interactions and protein structure 2.5: Physical properties of organic compounds A. Solubility B. Boiling and melting points C. Physical properties of lipids and proteins Resources for students:
> Module 2 lecture outline (PDF) > Module 2 lecture with instructor's notes (PDF) > VSEPR lecture outline (PDF) > VSEPR lecture with instructor's notes (PDF) > Module 2 key concepts > Module 2 practice problems > Practice problems KEY > VSEPR charts (Summary on p. 3) > Hybridization bonding patterns |
*Assignments:
> Homework set 2 > VSEPR WS > Understanding and applying resonance to chemical structure WS > Recognizing and naming aromatics WS |
Video tutorials for Module 2:
> VSEPR for 2 electron clouds (Khan Academy)
> VSEPR theory (Wikipedia)
> Hybrid orbitals explained (Crash Chemistry Academy) **excellent video
> Hybridization and hybrid orbitals (Khan Academy)
> Hybrid orbital practice (Khan Academy)
> Resonance structures (Khan Academy)
> Solubility of organic compounds (Khan Academy)
> Boiling points of organic compounds (Khan Academy)
> Why water is one of the weirdest things in the universe (BBC Ideas)
> Water molecules - part 1 (Canadian Museum of Nature)
> How water dissolves salt (Canadian Museum of Nature)
> Intermolecular forces 1: Dipole dipole forces (Kelly Foster)
> London dispersion forces (Alison Bufalo)
> Atomic hook ups - types of chemical bonds (Crash Course Chemistry)
> Fusion of vesicle with membrane (NobelPrizeMedicine)
> Vesicle fusion (MRC Lab of Molecular Biology)
> VSEPR for 2 electron clouds (Khan Academy)
> VSEPR theory (Wikipedia)
> Hybrid orbitals explained (Crash Chemistry Academy) **excellent video
> Hybridization and hybrid orbitals (Khan Academy)
> Hybrid orbital practice (Khan Academy)
> Resonance structures (Khan Academy)
> Solubility of organic compounds (Khan Academy)
> Boiling points of organic compounds (Khan Academy)
> Why water is one of the weirdest things in the universe (BBC Ideas)
> Water molecules - part 1 (Canadian Museum of Nature)
> How water dissolves salt (Canadian Museum of Nature)
> Intermolecular forces 1: Dipole dipole forces (Kelly Foster)
> London dispersion forces (Alison Bufalo)
> Atomic hook ups - types of chemical bonds (Crash Course Chemistry)
> Fusion of vesicle with membrane (NobelPrizeMedicine)
> Vesicle fusion (MRC Lab of Molecular Biology)