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Lecture 3 materials are covered in Chapters 2 and 3 of Energy Systems & Sustainability, 2/e (2012). This lecture covers a lot of ground, starting with the definition of primary energy, the units used to quantitate energy and the consequences of the first law or thermodynamics. Global primary energy resources and consumption are introduced with an overview.
In the second section we focus on how our current energy systems work, or don't, and how our use of energy has changed and continues to expand. We look at primary energy production and consumption in three fossil fuel-dependent, industrialized countries - the UK, Denmark and the US - are compared with one another. We contrast that with the profiles of three very different countries: France, dependent on nuclear power; India, reliant on coal and biomass; and China, addicted to coal. It's worth noting that most of the data presented in our text is from 2008 and 2009 and national energy profiles have begun to change. I've added more current information about energy use in the US, Vermont and on our Randolph Center campus. Module 3 lecture: Energy forms and uses
3.1: Primary energy consumption (conservation!) 3.2: Units of energy and energy data 3.3: Energy density (aka heat content) 3.4: Global and regional sources of energy 3.5: UK energy use today 3.6: Primary energy: UK vs. Denmark vs. US 3.7: Primary energy: France vs. India vs. China 3.8: Trends in US energy use 3.9: Vermont energy statistics Resources:
> Lecture 3 (PowerPoint) > Lecture 3 (PDF, 2/page) > Module 3: quick overview > Energy unit review (APS Physics) > Chart: Comparison of 6 countries > Current and projected energy use calculations Additional resources & links of interest:
> VIDEO: Denmark's Renewable Energy and Community Magician, Soren Hermansen > Report: Renewable Energy Across the Arctic: Greenland Report (Final draft, WWF, 2017) > Renewables (Ritchie & Roser, Our world in data) > Renewables 2017: solar leads the charge in another record year for renewables (IEA) > How to read LLNL energy flow charts (scroll down to video) > NHPR's coverage of potential biomass 'vetoes' (NHPR, September 2018) > Waste heat: innovators turn to an overlooked renewable resource (Jones, Yale E360, 29 May 2018) > American companies still make aluminum. In Iceland. (Appelbaum, NYTImes, 2017) > The city where the internet warms people's homes (Biba, BBC, 13 October 2017) > From fertilizer to zyklon B: 100 years of the scientific discovery.... (McKie, The Guardian, 2 Nov 2013) > 2000-watt society (Heubner, Our World, UN University, 2 Jun 2009) > Nitrogen fix: energy in nitrogen fertilizer (Schrock, MIT Technology Review, 1 May 2006) > Waste heat recovery (Turboden) > Climeon: How our machine works (explanation of the organic Rankine cycle) Energy return on (energy) investment (EROEI):
> Energy return on investment - which fuel wins? (Paul, Carbon Breif, 20 Mar 2013) |